Externally, factors such as sun exposure, pollution, smoking, and lifestyle choices accelerate the aging process by causing oxidative stress, which damages skin cells. Over time, these combined factors lead to the appearance of sagging, uneven texture, and pigmentation issues. While aging is inevitable, certain skincare ingredients and protective measures can help slow these effects, boosting collagen production, repairing skin damage, and promoting a healthier, more youthful appearance.
Factors that can cause skin Aging:
Aging
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Skin aging is a natural process influenced by both internal and external factors, leading to visible changes such as fine lines, wrinkles, loss of elasticity, and dullness. Internally, as we age, the production of collagen and elastin—the proteins responsible for keeping skin firm and supple—declines. Additionally, natural cell turnover slows, and the skin’s ability to retain moisture decreases, resulting in thinner, drier skin.
Bakuchiol
S. Dhaliwal, et al. Prospective, randomized, double‐blind assessment of topical bakuchiol and retinol for facial photoageing, British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 180, Issue 2, 1 February 2019, Pages 289–296,
Bakuchiol is a plant-derived alternative to retinol that provides similar benefits without causing irritation, making it suitable for sensitive skin. It helps maintain skin elasticity and firmness by boosting collagen production, which is critical in preventing fine lines and wrinkles.

Bakuchiol also has antioxidant properties, protecting skin from oxidative stress caused by environmental factors like pollution and UV radiation, which accelerate aging. Unlike retinol, bakuchiol is gentler and doesn’t cause dryness or sensitivity, making it a good option for people who want to start incorporating anti-aging ingredients early in their routine
References:
Learn how Bakuchiol also helps with
Chaudhuri, Ratan K., and Francois Marchio. "Bakuchiol in the management of acne-affected skin." Cosmetics and toiletries 126.7 (2011): 502
Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
Huh, C. H., et al. (2003). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of vitamin C iontophoresis in melasma. Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland), 206(4), 316–320.
Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant that combats the free radicals generated by sun exposure and pollution, which are major contributors to premature aging. By protecting collagen and elastin from oxidative damage, Vitamin C helps delay the onset of wrinkles and skin sagging. It also stimulates collagen production, enhancing skin firmness and reducing the early appearance of fine lines.

Furthermore, Vitamin C brightens the skin, reducing pigmentation and creating a more even tone, which contributes to a more youthful appearance. Its preventative properties make it an essential component of any skincare routine focused on long-term skin health.
References:
See how Vitamin C also helps with
Dayal, Surabhi, et al. "Clinical efficacy and safety of 20% glycolic peel, 15% lactic peel, and topical 20% vitamin C in constitutional type of periorbital melanosis: a comparative study." Journal of cosmetic dermatology 15.4 (2016): 367-373
Niacinamide (Vitamin B₃)
Bissett, D. L., Oblong, J. E., & Berge, C. A. (2006). Niacinamide: A B Vitamin that Improves Aging Facial Skin Appearance. Dermatologic Surgery, 31, 860–866.
Niacinamide is a multi-functional ingredient that strengthens the skin’s protective barrier, reducing water loss and improving its ability to withstand environmental stressors. By minimizing oxidative stress and inflammation, it slows processes that lead to premature aging, such as fine lines and dullness.

Niacinamide also plays a role in improving skin texture and tone by promoting cell repair and regulating oil production, making it especially beneficial for younger individuals looking to prevent early signs of aging. It’s a versatile ingredient suitable for all skin types, and its gentle nature allows it to be used daily without irritation.
References:
Learn how Niacinamide also helps with
Bissett, Donald L., John E. Oblong, and Cynthia A. Berge. "Niacinamide: AB vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance." Dermatologic Surgery 31 (2005): 860-866.
Shalita, Alan R., et al. "Topical nicotinamide compared with clindamycin gel in the treatment of inelammatory acne vulgaris." International journal of dermatology 34.6 (1995): 434-437.
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Breakouts
Dehydration
Redness
Pigmentation
Under-Eye Area
Breakouts
Redness
Dehydration
Pigmentation
Under-Eye Area